Lesson 2. More Useful Phrases

Introduction

In this lesson, you’ll explore how the present simple and present continuous differ, and you’ll learn when each tense is used in everyday English. You’ll also pick up several new useful phrases along the way.

At the end of the lesson, you’ll find Chapter 2 of the story Ana and Alejandro in Vancouver. In this chapter, Ana and Alejandro arrive at their friends’ house, where they will be living for the next year while they take a course to improve their English skills.

Writing

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Grammar: Present Simple vs. Present Continuous

In this lesson, you'll learn the difference between the Present Simple and the Present Continuous, how to form them, and when to use them.

Present Simple

The present simple is used for:
  • Habits and routines: things you do regularly.
    I get up at 7 a.m.
  • General truths and facts: always or usually true.
    Water boils at 100°C.
  • Permanent situations: long-term or stable.
    She lives in Vancouver.
  • Schedules and timetables: fixed future events.
    The train leaves at 6 p.m.

Here is how the present tense is formed using the verb work as an example.

I work
You work
He / She / It works
We work
They work

The Negative Form of Present Tense

I don't work
You don't work
He / She / It doesn't work
We don't work
They don't work

Examples

I don’t work on Sundays.
She doesn’t like coffee.

Asking Questions with the Present Tense

Do I work?
Do you work?
Does he / she / it work?
Do we work?
Do they work?
Examples
Do you play tennis?
Does he live here?

Present Continuous

The present continuous is used for:
  • Actions happening now / around now: in progress at the moment.
    I am talking to you right now.
  • Temporary situations: not permanent, for a short time.
    He is staying with his friend this week.
  • Changing or developing situations:
    The weather is getting warmer.
  • Fixed future arrangements: personal plans with a time.
    We are meeting our teacher tomorrow.

Here is how the present continuous is formed using the verb work as an example.

I am working
You are working
He / She / It is working
We are working
They are working
Examples
I am working all day.
She is reading a book.
They are playing a game.

Negative Form of the Present Progressive

I am not working
You aren't working
He / She / It isn't working
We aren't working
They aren't working
Examples
I am not working now.
He isn’t watching TV.

Asking Questions with the Present Progresssive

Am I working?
Are you working?
Is he / she / it working?
Are we working?
Are they working?
Examples
Are you listening?
Is she coming?

Key differences

Use Present Simple Present Continuous
Habits / routines I go to the gym on Mondays. Not usually used
Actions happening now Not usually used I am going to the gym now.
Permanent situation She lives in Toronto. Temporary situation:
She is living in Toronto for a year.
General truth / fact The sun rises in the east. Not used
Future (timetable / schedule) The bus leaves at 8. Future arrangement:
I am meeting Anna at 8.

Important: Some verbs (like know, like, love, want, understand, believe) are usually not used in the continuous form.

I know the answer. (NOT: I am knowing the answer.)

Signal words

Present Simple – common time expressions

  • always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never
  • every day / week / month / year
  • on Mondays / on the weekends
Example

I usually drink coffee in the morning.

Present Continuous – common time expressions

  • now, right now, at the moment
  • today, this week, these days
Example

She is studying for her exam this week.

Phrases

Press the Listen Button button to hear the pronunciation of the phrase.

Listen Don't worry. 不要担心。
Listen Excuse me. 打扰一下。
Listen Good luck. 祝你好运。
Listen I don't like it. 我不喜欢它。
Listen I don't know. 我不知道。
Listen I'm sorry. 对不起。
Listen I think so. 我想是这样。
Listen It's easy. 这很容易。
Listen Let's go. 我们走吧。
Listen That's fine. 那也行。
Listen That's right. 那是对的。
Listen What's wrong? 什么是错了吗?
Listen What do you think? 你怎么看?
Listen What happened? 发生了什么?
Listen What is that? 那是什么?
A person writing
Sophie writes down the new English vocabulary that she is learning.

Flashcards

Here are some flashcards to help you learn the phrases included in this chapter

Chapter 2: Their New Home

Chapter Vocabulary

porch 门廊
luggage 行李
suspicious 可疑的
to unpack 拆开
neighborhood 邻里
seawall 海堤
sunset 日落
eventually 最终
faintly 微弱地
landmarks 地标
possibility 可能性

The car stopped in front of a small blue house with a wide porch and a garden full of flowers.

"Welcome to our house," Sarah said. "Your home for the next year."

They carried in Alejandro and Ana's luggage and put it in the living room.

"Follow me," Sarah said, "I'll show you to your rooms."

"I'll get dinner started," Eric said as he disappeared into the kitchen.

A cat sat on the stairs, watching them with the suspicious intensity of a security guard. “That’s Maple,” Sarah said. “She’s friendly… eventually.”

Maple blinked once, then trotted down the stairs and jumped onto the Sofa.

Sarah led them up the stairs, then she opened the first door along the hallway. “This one’s yours, Alejandro.”

Alejandro looked in the room. It contained a small bed, a desk, and a dresser.

Sarah opened up another door. “Here's the bathroom you two will share."

Finally, Sarah opened up a third door. “And here is your bedroom Ana. Get settled in. I’ll go help Eric with dinner.”

After unpacking a little, they joined Sarah and Eric in the kitchen. Eric handed them mugs of hot chocolate.

“Have a seat,” he said. “Dinner will be ready in a few minutes.”

After dinner, Eric said, “If you're up for it, we'll take a short walk to Kits Beach. Sunset is in half an hour. Perfect timing."

Just then, Maple walked by with a sock in her mouth.

“Hey!” Alejandro laughed. “I’ve been robbed!”

“That means she likes you,” Sarah said. “She only steals from people she trusts.”

They put on their jackets and stepped outside. The air was cool and smelled faintly of the ocean. As they walked, Sarah pointed out the neighbourhood landmarks: the tiny bakery on the corner, the community garden, the bus stop they’d use for school.

When they reached the beach, the sky was turning orange and pink. People jogged along the seawall, dogs chased sticks, and a group of teenagers played volleyball in the sand. The mountains across the water glowed in the fading light.

“This is beautiful,” Ana said softly.

Alejandro nodded. “I think I’m going to like it here.”

They walked slowly along the beach, listening to the waves and watching the sun sink behind Vancouver Island in the distance. They felt calm and hopeful. A new life was beginning, and it already felt full of possibility.

Quiz

Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

Progress

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