الدرس العاشر - الفعل الماضي
محادثة
English
Eric phones Tom to tell him about his vacation at a nearby lake.
Eric: Hi Tom. How's it going?
Tom: Good. How was your vacation?
Eric: Great! We went hiking in the forest, and kayaking around the lake. We were very lucky with the weather, it was sunny and warm every day.
Tom: How many people were there?
Eric: There were five of us.
Tom: Where did you stay?
Eric: We rented a cabin at the south end of the lake. It was right on the lake, with a small beach in front. It came with a kayak and wood for the fire pit on the beach. I had such a great time that I want to go again next summer. Maybe you can come with us next time.
Tom: That sounds great!
المفردات والعبارات
How many people were there? | عدد الاشخاص الذين كانوا هناك؟ |
at a nearby lake | عند بحيرة قريبة |
We went hiking in the forest, and kayaking around the lake. | ذهبنا المشي في الغابة، والتجديف حول البحيرة |
beach | شاطئ |
cabin | كوخ |
to phone | هاتف |
to tell | حكى |
fire pit | حفرة النار |
kayak | قوارب الكاياك |
lucky | سعيد الحظ |
to rent | أجر |
to come with | تعال مع |
south | جنوب |
to stay | بقي |
vacation | عطلة |
wood | حطب |
الإعلانات
Weather
weather | طقس |
cloud | سحابة |
heat | حرارة |
rain | مطر |
snow | ثلج |
storm | عاصفة |
sun | الشمس |
wind | ريح |
How's the weather? | كيف هو الطقس |
It's a beautiful day. | انه يوم جميل |
It's cold. | إنه بارد |
It's cool outside. | انها باردة خارج |
It's foggy. | فمن الضبابى |
It's hot. | إنه ساخن |
It's humid. | ومن رطب. |
It's raining. | انها تمطر |
It's snowing. | انها تثلج |
It's stormy. | انها تثلج |
It's sunny. | إنها مشمسة |
It's windy. | فمن عاصف |
It's very windy today. | فمن عاصف جدا اليوم |
The weather's bad. | الطقس رديء |
The weather's nice. | الطقس لطيف |
It's supposed to be nice tomorrow. | ومن المفترض أن تكون جيدة الطقس غدا |
Flashcards
Here are some flashcards to help you learn how to talk about the weather in English.
قواعد
Past Tense of Verbs
The past tense of verbs, also called the simple past tense, describes a past action, event, or emotional state. Most verbs form the past tense by adding the suffix ed to the end of a verb. For example the past tense of walk is walked.
Examples
I walked to the park yesterday. | مشيت إلى الحديقة أمس |
She talked about her vacation. | تحدثت عن إجازتها |
He closed the door. | انه اغلق الباب |
They talked about the cabin. | تحدثوا عن المقصورة |
We hoped for the best. | كنا نأمل في الأفضل |
The clouds drifted away. | جنحت الغيوم بعيدا |
Irregular Verbs in the Past Tense
Many very common verbs in English have an irregular past tense. This lesson will cover a few of these very common irregular verbs. The next lesson will cover some more irregular verbs as well.
To Be
The verb be is the most irregular verb in English. It has two forms in the past tense. The following table shows the past tense for the verb be.
I was | |
he was | |
she was | |
it was | |
we were | |
you were | |
they were |
Examples
I was at the store. | كنت في متجر |
He was tired. | كان متعبا |
They were happy. | كانوا سعداء |
We were at home. | كنا في المنزل |
Were they at the beach? | كانوا على الشاطئ؟ |
They were not at the beach. | لم يكونوا على الشاطئ |
The car was dirty. | وكانت السيارة قذرة |
The windows were dirty. | وكانت النوافذ القذرة |
Other Irregular Verbs
The following table shows some very common verbs that are irregular in the past tense. Lesson 11 will cover even more irregular verbs.
Verb | Past Tense | |
---|---|---|
do | did | فعل |
have | had | لامتلاك |
go | went | للذهاب |
sleep | slept | أن ينام |
come | came | تأتي |
give | gave | أعطى |
find | found | للعثور على |
think | thought | فكر |
Examples
They went to the store last week. | ذهبوا إلى مخزن الأسبوع الماضي |
He thought about it. | انه يفكر فى هذا الامر |
I slept all night. | كنت أنام كل ليلة |
We did the work. | فعلنا العمل |
They found it. | وجدوا أنه |
She found the book. | هي أسست الكتاب |
I did the dishes. | فعلت الأطباق |
They slept on the floor. | وهم نيام في الطابق |
Questions and Negative Statements with the Past Tense
For both questions and negative statements, the past tense of the helper verb do is used along with the main verb, similar to how do is used as a helper verb when asking questions or making negative statements in the present tense.
Note: Did not is often shortened to didn't.
Examples
Did they go to the store? | هل ذهبوا إلى المتجر؟ |
They did not go to the store. | لم يذهبوا إلى المتجر |
They didn't go to the store. | لم يذهبوا إلى المتجر |
Did you sleep all night? | هل تنام طوال الليل؟ |
I did not sleep all night. | لم أستطع النوم في كل ليلة أمس |
Did she find the book? | هل وجدت الكتاب؟ |
She did not find the book. | وقالت انها لم تجد الكتاب |
Did you buy it? | هل اشتريتها؟ |
We did not buy it. | نحن لم شرائه |
They did not do it. | أنها لم تفعل ذلك |
A very small number of verbs, such as be, do not use a helper verb when asking a question or making a negative statement. The following examples show how to ask questions and make negative statements with the verb be.
Were you tired? | هل كنت متعب؟ |
I was not tired. | لم أكن متعبًا |
I wasn't tired. | لم أكن متعبًا |
Was the house for sale? | هل كان المنزل للبيع؟ |
The house was not for sale. | لم يكن المنزل للبيع |
The house wasn't for sale. | لم يكن المنزل للبيع |
Were the dishes clean? | هل كانت الأطباق نظيفة؟ |
The dishes were not clean. | لم تكن الأطباق نظيفة |
The dishes weren't clean. | لم تكن الأطباق نظيفة |
الإعلانات
قراءة
Chapter 1 - The Airport
Ana and Alejandro Martinez walk off the plane and into the airport. Both are tired from the flight, but also excited to be in a new country. They follow the crowd of people until they get to the lineup for customs. After about ten minutes, it is their turn to talk with the customs agent.
"Hello," Ana says as she gives the customs officer her passport.
"What is the purpose of your visit?" asks the customs officer.
"We are taking a course to help us improve our English."
"How long will you be staying in Vancouver?"
"We plan to stay until September fifth."
"Where are you staying?"
"We have friends who live here," Alejandro answered. "We met them when they visited our country. They invited us to stay with them for the summer, and recommended a course for us to take."
"What is your relationship?"
"Ana is my sister," Alejandro replied.
The customs officer gave them back their passports and said, "Enjoy your stay."
"Thank you", Ana and Alejandro said at the same time, then went to find their luggage.
They stood by the luggage carousel and waited for their luggage. "Is that your suitcase?" Ana said pointing at a black suitcase.
Alejandro looked at it. "I don't think so, but here is yours."
Ana grabbed her suitcase as it came by. A couple minutes later Alejandro got his suitcase as well.
"Now where do we go?", Ana asked.
"I think we need to go this way," Alejandro replied, pointing to the left.
They walked through a small passage and into a large waiting area.
"Alejandro! Ana!" they heard someone call.
Ana and Alejandro looked and saw their friends Sarah and Eric. They waved and walked over to them.
"Hi!" Sarah said. "How was the flight?"
"Long," said Alejandro. "But there were no problems."
"Let's go," Eric said, "We'll take you back to our house, and make dinner while you get settled in."
The four of them walked out of the airport, and into the sunny evening.
مفردات اللغه
plane | طائرة |
airport | مطار |
tired | متعب |
flight | طيران |
excited | متحمس |
country | دولة |
crowd | الجماهير |
lineup | |
customs | أمن الحدود |
minute | دقيقة |
purpose | غرض |
visit | زيارة |
improve | تحسن |
until | حتى |
answers | رد |
summer | الصيف |
recommended | نوصي |
relationship | علاقة |
Enjoy your stay. | استمتع بأقامتك |
luggage | أمتعة |
suitcase | حقيبة سفر |
grabbed | انتزع |
pointing | أشار |
passage | ممر |
get settled in |
ممارسة
Change each sentence so that it uses the past tense.
Example - Question: I do the work. Answer: I did the work.
I want to go to the store. | |
The boy is sad. | |
She doesn't want a coffee. | |
Do you have a pen? | |
They walk to the park. |
الكتابة عن المفضلة لديك عطلة أو إجازة تريد
الاختبار
Take the online quiz to see how well you know the past tense of verbs in English.